Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Dīghanikāyo

Mahāvaggapāḷi

1. Mahāpadānasuttaṃ

Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttakathā

1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme karerikuṭikāyaṃ. Atha kho sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi – ‘‘itipi pubbenivāso, itipi pubbenivāso’’ti.

2. Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?

Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, amhākaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi – ‘itipi pubbenivāso itipi pubbenivāso’ti. Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā. Atha bhagavā anuppatto’’ti.

3. ‘‘Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotu’’nti? ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā [bhagavato vacanaṃ sutvā (syā.)] bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha,sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

4. ‘‘Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ [ekanavuto kappo (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Ito so, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe [ekatiṃ sakappo (sī.) ekatiṃ so kappo (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] yaṃ sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Tasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe vessabhū bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva [imasmiṃ (katthacī)] kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe koṇāgamano bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe ahaṃ etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno.

5. ‘‘Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosiṃ, khattiyakule uppanno.

6. ‘‘Vipassī , bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho gotamo gottena ahosiṃ.



礼敬世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者
长部
大品
大本经
关于宿命的讨论
如是我闻。一时，世尊住在舍卫城(现今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂附近)祇树给孤独园的柯勒利小屋中。那时，众多比丘在午餐后、从托钵回来，聚集在柯勒利圆形讲堂里坐下，开始了一场关于宿命的法谈，说道："这就是宿命，这就是宿命。"
世尊以清净超人的天耳听到了那些比丘的这番谈话。于是世尊从座位起身，走向柯勒利圆形讲堂。到达后，坐在准备好的座位上。坐下后，世尊问比丘们说："比丘们，你们现在聚集在这里谈论什么?你们刚才的谈话内容是什么?"
听到这话，那些比丘对世尊说道："世尊，我们在午餐后、从托钵回来，聚集在柯勒利圆形讲堂里坐下，开始了一场关于宿命的法谈，说道'这就是宿命，这就是宿命'。世尊，这就是我们刚才未完的谈话。然后世尊来到了。"
"比丘们，你们想听一场关于宿命的法谈吗?" "世尊，现在正是时候;善逝，现在正是时候;请世尊作一场关于宿命的法谈，比丘们听了世尊的话后会牢记在心。" "那么比丘们，仔细听，好好用心，我要说了。" "是的，世尊。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是说：
"比丘们，距今九十一劫前，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，距今三十一劫前，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，就在那个三十一劫中，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，就在这个贤劫中，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，就在这个贤劫中，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，就在这个贤劫中，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，就在这个贤劫中，我现在作为阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利种姓，出生于刹帝利家族。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利种姓，出生于刹帝利家族。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利种姓，出生于刹帝利家族。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为婆罗门种姓，出生于婆罗门家族。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为婆罗门种姓，出生于婆罗门家族。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为婆罗门种姓，出生于婆罗门家族。比丘们，我现在作为阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利种姓，出生于刹帝利家族。
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为乔陈如。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为乔陈如。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为乔陈如。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为迦叶。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为迦叶。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为迦叶。比丘们，我现在作为阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为乔达摩。

7. ‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa saṭṭhivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cattālīsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tiṃsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vīsativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ; yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo.

8. ‘‘Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sālassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sirīsassa mūle abhisambuddho. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho udumbarassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho nigrodhassa mūle abhisambuddho. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho.

9. ‘‘Vipassissa , bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa abhibhūsambhavaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa soṇuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vidhurasañjīvaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bhiyyosuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tissabhāradvājaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ.



"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达八万岁。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达七万岁。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达六万岁。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达四万岁。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达三万岁。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达二万岁。比丘们，我现在的寿命短暂、有限、迅速;长寿者也不过百岁或稍多一些。
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在波吒利树下证悟。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在芬陀利树下证悟。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在娑罗树下证悟。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在尸利沙树下证悟。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在乌暮跋罗树下证悟。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在尼拘律树下证悟。比丘们，我现在作为阿罗汉、正等正觉者在菩提树下证悟。
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫坎达和提沙的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫阿毗浮和三婆瓦的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫输那和郁多罗的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫毗昙和僧祇婆的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫毗耶娑和郁多罗的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫提沙和婆罗陀婆阇的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，我现在有一对名叫舍利弗和目犍连的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。

10. ‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi saṭṭhibhikkhusahassāni. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi cattālīsabhikkhusahassāni. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi tiṃsabhikkhusahassāni. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi vīsatibhikkhusahassāni. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

‘‘Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

11. ‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khemaṅkaro nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa upasanto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa buddhijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sotthijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sabbamitto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko.



"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有六百八十万比丘，一次弟子集会有十万比丘，一次弟子集会有八万比丘。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有十万比丘，一次弟子集会有八万比丘，一次弟子集会有七万比丘。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有八万比丘，一次弟子集会有七万比丘，一次弟子集会有六万比丘。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一次弟子集会，有四万比丘。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这一次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一次弟子集会，有三万比丘。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这一次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一次弟子集会，有两万比丘。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这一次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
比丘们，我现在有一次弟子集会，有一千二百五十比丘。比丘们，我的这一次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫阿输迦的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫凯玛卡拉的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫乌波扇多的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫佛提阇的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫索提阇的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫萨婆密多的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，我现在有一位名叫阿难的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的

12. ‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti [janettī (syā.)]. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Sikhissa , bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aruṇo nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Pabhāvatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Aruṇassa rañño aruṇavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa suppatito nāma [suppatīto nāma (syā.)] rājā pitā ahosi. Vassavatī nāma [yasavatī nāma (syā. pī.)] devī mātā ahosi janetti. Suppatitassa rañño anomaṃ nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aggidatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Visākhā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena khemo nāma rājā ahosi. Khemassa rañño khemavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa yaññadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Uttarā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena sobho nāma rājā ahosi. Sobhassa rañño sobhavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa brahmadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Dhanavatī nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kikī nāma [kiṃ kī nāma (syā.)] rājā ahosi. Kikissa rañño bārāṇasī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

‘‘Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.

13. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’’ti.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti, udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’’ti. Ayañca hidaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antarākathā vippakatā hoti.



"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫班度玛的国王。母亲是名叫班度玛蒂的王后。班度玛国王的王城名叫班度玛蒂。
比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫阿卢那的国王。母亲是名叫帕巴瓦蒂的王后。阿卢那国王的王城名叫阿卢那瓦蒂。
比丘们，毗舍浮世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫苏帕蒂塔的国王。母亲是名叫瓦萨瓦蒂的王后。苏帕蒂塔国王的王城名叫阿诺玛。
比丘们，拘留孙世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫阿吉达塔的婆罗门。母亲是名叫毗舍佉的婆罗门女。那时，比丘们，有一位名叫凯玛的国王。凯玛国王的王城名叫凯玛瓦蒂。
比丘们，拘那含世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫亚尼亚达塔的婆罗门。母亲是名叫郁多罗的婆罗门女。那时，比丘们，有一位名叫索巴的国王。索巴国王的王城名叫索巴瓦蒂。
比丘们，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫梵摩达塔的婆罗门。母亲是名叫达那瓦蒂的婆罗门女。那时，比丘们，有一位名叫基基的国王。基基国王的王城名叫波罗奈(现今印度瓦拉纳西)。
比丘们，我现在的父亲是名叫净饭的国王。母亲是名叫摩耶的王后。王城名叫迦毗罗卫(现今尼泊尔蒂洛拉科特附近)。"
世尊说完这些话后，从座位起身进入精舍。
世尊离开不久，那些比丘之间就展开了这样的讨论："朋友们，真是稀有，真是奇特，如来具有如此大神通力、大威力。如来竟能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱'。"
"朋友们，这是如来自己深入通达的法性，由于深入通达这法性，如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱'呢？还是诸天神向如来报告了这些事，因此如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱'呢？"
这些比丘的讨论正进行到这里。

14. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?

Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayaṃ antarākathā udapādi – ‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati – ‘‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi , evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’ti. Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’ti. Udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti? Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā, atha bhagavā anuppatto’’ti.

15. ‘‘Tathāgatassevesā, bhikkhave, dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti. Devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti.

‘‘Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotu’’nti? ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave , suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –



这时，世尊在傍晚时分结束独处后，来到柯勒利圆形讲堂。到达后，坐在准备好的座位上。坐下后，世尊问比丘们说："比丘们，你们刚才聚在一起讨论什么?你们未完的讨论是什么?"
听到这话，那些比丘对世尊说道："世尊，您离开不久后，我们之间就展开了这样的讨论：'朋友们，真是稀有，真是奇特，如来具有如此大神通力、大威力。如来竟能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，"那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱"。朋友们，这是如来自己深入通达的法性，由于深入通达这法性，如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，"那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱"呢?还是诸天神向如来报告了这些事，因此如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，"那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱"呢?'世尊，这就是我们未完的讨论，这时您来到了。"
"比丘们，这确实是如来自己深入通达的法性，由于深入通达这法性，如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱'。诸天神也向如来报告了这些事，因此如来才能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的佛陀们的出生、名字、姓氏、寿命、上首弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是如此出身，如此名字，如此姓氏，如此戒行，如此法，如此智慧，如此安住，如此解脱'。
比丘们，你们想听更多关于宿命的法谈吗?" "世尊，现在正是时候;善逝，现在正是时候;请世尊作更多关于宿命的法谈，比丘们听了世尊的话后会牢记在心。" "那么比丘们，仔细听，好好用心，我要说了。" "是的，世尊。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是说：

16. ‘‘Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, bhikkhave , bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

Bodhisattadhammatā

17. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkami. Ayamettha dhammatā.

18. ‘‘Dhammatā, esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamati. Atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā , yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

19. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā catuddisaṃ [cātuddisaṃ (syā.)] rakkhāya upagacchanti – ‘mā naṃ bodhisattaṃ vā bodhisattamātaraṃ vā manusso vā amanusso vā koci vā viheṭhesī’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

20. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, pakatiyā sīlavatī bodhisattamātā hoti, viratā pāṇātipātā, viratā adinnādānā, viratā kāmesumicchācārā , viratā musāvādā, viratā surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā. Ayamettha dhammatā.

21. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu purisesu mānasaṃ uppajjati kāmaguṇūpasaṃhitaṃ, anatikkamanīyā ca bodhisattamātā hoti kenaci purisena rattacittena. Ayamettha dhammatā.

22. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, lābhinī bodhisattamātā hoti pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ. Sā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricāreti. Ayamettha dhammatā.



"比丘们，距今九十一劫前，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现于世。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利种姓，出生于刹帝利家族。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓氏为乔陈如。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命长达八万岁。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在波吒利树下证悟。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫坎达和提沙的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有六百八十万比丘，一次弟子集会有十万比丘，一次弟子集会有八万比丘。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会全都是漏尽者。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫阿输迦的比丘作为侍者，是最上等的侍者。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫班度玛的国王。母亲是名叫班度玛蒂的王后。班度玛国王的王城名叫班度玛蒂。
菩萨的法则
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨从兜率天下降，正念正知地入住母胎。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从兜率天下降入住母胎时，在天界、魔界、梵界、沙门婆罗门界、天人界中，出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。即使在那些黑暗、幽暗、漆黑的世界之间的空处，那里连如此大神通力、大威力的日月都无法照耀，在那里也出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。那里出生的众生也因这光明而彼此认出：'原来这里还有其他众生出生。'这个一万世界系震动、摇动、颤动。世间出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨入住母胎时，四位天子来到四方守护，'不让任何人或非人伤害菩萨或菩萨之母。'这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨入住母胎时，菩萨之母自然持戒，远离杀生，远离不与取，远离欲邪行，远离妄语，远离饮酒放逸处。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨入住母胎时，菩萨之母对男子不生起与欲乐相关的心，任何有贪欲之心的男子也无法侵犯菩萨之母。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨入住母胎时，菩萨之母获得五种欲乐。她具足、享受这五种欲乐。这是此中的法则。

23. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati. Sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā, bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa [tatrassa (syā.)] suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati, sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā , bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

24. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sattāhajāte bodhisatte bodhisattamātā kālaṅkaroti tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapajjati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

25. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nava vā dasa vā māse gabbhaṃ kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Daseva māsāni bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

26. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nisinnā vā nipannā vā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ṭhitāva bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

27. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, devā paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti, pacchā manussā. Ayamettha dhammatā.

28. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, appattova bodhisatto pathaviṃ hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā paṭiggahetvā mātu purato ṭhapenti – ‘attamanā, devi, hohi; mahesakkho te putto uppanno’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

29. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito udena [uddena (syā.), udarena (katthaci)] amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho [visuddho (syā.)] visado. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇiratanaṃ kāsike vatthe nikkhittaṃ neva maṇiratanaṃ kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ makkheti, nāpi kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ maṇiratanaṃ makkheti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Ubhinnaṃ suddhattā. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito, udena amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho visado. Ayamettha dhammatā.

30. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, dve udakassa dhārā antalikkhā pātubhavanti – ekā sītassa ekā uṇhassa yena bodhisattassa udakakiccaṃ karonti mātu ca. Ayamettha dhammatā.

31. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sampatijāto bodhisatto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho [uttarenābhimukho (syā.) uttarenamukho (ka.)] sattapadavītihārena gacchati setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne, sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiṃ vācaṃ bhāsati ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.



"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨入住母胎时，菩萨之母不生任何疾病。菩萨之母安乐，身体无疲劳，能看见在胎中的菩萨，四肢俱全，诸根完整。比丘们，就像一颗美丽、优质、八面体、精工雕琢、清澈、明亮、无瑕、具足一切美好品质的琉璃宝珠。其中穿有蓝色、黄色、红色、白色或淡黄色的线。有眼力的人拿在手中观察：'这是一颗美丽、优质、八面体、精工雕琢、清澈、明亮、无瑕、具足一切美好品质的琉璃宝珠。其中穿有蓝色、黄色、红色、白色或淡黄色的线。'同样地，比丘们，当菩萨入住母胎时，菩萨之母不生任何疾病，安乐，身体无疲劳，能看见在胎中的菩萨，四肢俱全，诸根完整。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：菩萨出生七天后，菩萨之母去世，往生兜率天。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：其他女人怀胎九个月或十个月后分娩，菩萨之母不是这样分娩菩萨。菩萨之母怀胎正好十个月后分娩菩萨。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：其他女人坐着或躺着分娩，菩萨之母不是这样分娩菩萨。菩萨之母站立着分娩菩萨。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从母胎出来时，先由诸天接生，然后是人类。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从母胎出来时，菩萨还未落地，四位天子就接住他，放在母亲面前，说：'王后，请欢喜，您生了一个大有福德的儿子。'这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从母胎出来时，他洁净无染，不沾水、不沾粘液、不沾血、不沾任何不净物，清净洁白。比丘们，就像宝珠放在迦尸布上，宝珠不染迦尸布，迦尸布也不染宝珠。为什么?因为两者都清净。同样地，比丘们，当菩萨从母胎出来时，他洁净无染，不沾水、不沾粘液、不沾血、不沾任何不净物，清净洁白。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从母胎出来时，从空中出现两股水流，一冷一热，为菩萨和母亲沐浴。这是此中的法则。
"比丘们，这是法则：菩萨一出生，双脚平稳站立，面向北方，迈出七步，有白伞盖随行，环顾四方，发出雄狮般的声音：'我是世间最尊贵的，我是世间最长老的，我是世间最殊胜的，这是最后一生，不再有来生。'这是此中的法则。

32. ‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati, atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā, yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇā

33. ‘‘Jāte kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassimhi kumāre bandhumato rañño paṭivedesuṃ – ‘putto te, deva [deva te (ka.)], jāto, taṃ devo passatū’ti. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā nemitte brāhmaṇe āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘passantu bhonto nemittā brāhmaṇā kumāra’nti. Addasaṃsu kho, bhikkhave, nemittā brāhmaṇā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā bandhumantaṃ rājānaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘attamano, deva, hohi, mahesakkho te putto uppanno, lābhā te, mahārāja, suladdhaṃ te, mahārāja, yassa te kule evarūpo putto uppanno. Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.

34. ‘Katamehi cāyaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāpī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti . Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.



"比丘们，这是法则：当菩萨从母胎出来时，在天界、魔界、梵界、沙门婆罗门界、天人界中，出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。即使在那些黑暗、幽暗、漆黑的世界之间的空处，那里连如此大神通力、大威力的日月都无法照耀，在那里也出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。那里出生的众生也因这光明而彼此认出：'原来这里还有其他众生出生。'这个一万世界系震动、摇动、颤动。世间出现无量殊胜光明，超越诸天的天威。这是此中的法则。
三十二大人相
"比丘们，当毗婆尸王子出生时，有人向班度玛王报告：'陛下，您的儿子出生了，请陛下来看。'比丘们，班度玛王看见毗婆尸王子后，召来占相婆罗门说：'诸位占相婆罗门请看这王子。'比丘们，占相婆罗门看见毗婆尸王子后，对班度玛王说：'陛下请欢喜，您生了一个大有福德的儿子。大王，这是您的利益，大王，这是您的善得，在您的家族中出生了这样的儿子。陛下，这位王子具足三十二大人相，具足这些相的大人只有两种去处，别无其他。如果居家，他将成为转轮圣王，以正法治国，征服四方，国土安稳，具足七宝。他将有这七宝：轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵宝为第七。他将有超过一千个儿子，勇猛有力，能摧毁敌军。他以非暴力、非武力、以正法征服这四海之内的大地而统治。如果他出家，他将成为阿罗汉、正等正觉者，揭开世间的遮蔽。
'陛下，这位王子具足哪些三十二大人相，具足这些相的大人只有两种去处，别无其他？如果居家，他将成为转轮圣王，以正法治国，征服四方，国土安稳，具足七宝。他将有这七宝：轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵宝为第七。他将有超过一千个儿子，勇猛有力，能摧毁敌军。他以非暴力、非武力、以正法征服这四海之内的大地而统治。如果他出家，他将成为阿罗汉、正等正觉者，揭开世间的遮蔽。

35. ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘Imassa, deva [imassa hi deva (?)], kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni. Yampi, imassa deva, kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro āyatapaṇhī…pe…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dīghaṅgulī…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro mudutalunahatthapādo…

‘Ayañhi, deva kumāro jālahatthapādo…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ussaṅkhapādo…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro eṇijaṅgho…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati [parāmasati (ka.)] parimajjati…

‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro kosohitavatthaguyho…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suvaṇṇavaṇṇo kañcanasannibhattaco…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sukhumacchavī; sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati [upalippati (syā.)] …

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ekekalomo; ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro uddhaggalomo; uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmujugatto…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sattussado…

‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro sīhapubbaddhakāyo…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro citantaraṃso [pitantaraṃso (syā.)] …

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo, yāvatakvassa byāmo, tāvatakvassa kāyo…

‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro samavaṭṭakkhandho…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro rasaggasaggī…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sīhahanu…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro cattālīsadanto…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro samadanto…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro aviraḷadanto…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro susukkadāṭho…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro pahūtajivho…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmassaro karavīkabhāṇī…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro abhinīlanetto…

‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro gopakhumo…

Imassa, deva, kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi imassa deva kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampimassa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

36. ‘Imehi kho ayaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena [dhammena samena (syā.)] abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado’ti.

Vipassīsamaññā

37. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā nemitte brāhmaṇe ahatehi vatthehi acchādāpetvā [acchādetvā (syā.)] sabbakāmehi santappesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa dhātiyo upaṭṭhāpesi. Aññā khīraṃ pāyenti, aññā nhāpenti, aññā dhārenti, aññā aṅkena pariharanti. Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa setacchattaṃ dhārayittha divā ceva rattiñca – ‘mā naṃ sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā tiṇaṃ vā rajo vā ussāvo vā bādhayitthā’ti. Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uppalaṃ vā padumaṃ vā puṇḍarīkaṃ vā bahuno janassa piyaṃ manāpaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Svāssudaṃ aṅkeneva aṅkaṃ parihariyati.



'陛下，这位王子足下平稳。王子足下平稳，这是大人的大人相。
'陛下，这位王子足底有千辐轮相，具足轮辋和轮毂，各方面都圆满。王子足底有千辐轮相，具足轮辋和轮毂，各方面都圆满，这是大人的大人相。
'陛下，这位王子足跟长广...
'陛下，这位王子手指纤长...
'陛下，这位王子手足柔软...
'陛下，这位王子手足有网缦...
'陛下，这位王子足踝高起...
'陛下，这位王子小腿如羚羊...
'陛下，这位王子站立时不弯腰就能用双手抚摸膝盖...
'陛下，这位王子阴马藏...
'陛下，这位王子肤色金黄如黄金...
'陛下，这位王子皮肤细腻，尘垢不粘身...
'陛下，这位王子一一毛孔生一毛...
'陛下，这位王子身毛上靡，毛色青黑如眼药，右旋如螺...
'陛下，这位王子身体挺直如梵天...
'陛下，这位王子七处丰满...
'陛下，这位王子上身如狮子...
'陛下，这位王子两肩之间丰满...
'陛下，这位王子身圆如尼拘律树，身高等于张手，张手等于身高...
'陛下，这位王子两肩圆满...
'陛下，这位王子味觉敏锐...
'陛下，这位王子颊如狮子...
'陛下，这位王子有四十齿...
'陛下，这位王子齿齐平...
'陛下，这位王子齿无间隙...
'陛下，这位王子牙齿洁白...
'陛下，这位王子舌广长...
'陛下，这位王子梵音如迦陵频伽鸟...
'陛下，这位王子眼色深蓝...
'陛下，这位王子眼睫如牛王...
陛下，这位王子眉间有白毫，柔软如棉。王子眉间有白毫，柔软如棉，这也是大人的大人相。
'陛下，这位王子头顶有肉髻。王子头顶有肉髻，这是大人的大人相。
'陛下，这位王子具足这三十二大人相，具足这些相的大人只有两种去处，别无其他。如果居家，他将成为转轮圣王，以正法治国，征服四方，国土安稳，具足七宝。他将有这七宝：轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵宝为第七。他将有超过一千个儿子，勇猛有力，能摧毁敌军。他以非暴力、非武力、以正法征服这四海之内的大地而统治。如果他出家，他将成为阿罗汉、正等正觉者，揭开世间的遮蔽。'
毗婆尸的名号
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王赐给占相婆罗门们新衣，并以一切欲乐满足他们。比丘们，然后班度玛王为毗婆尸王子安排了乳母。有的给他喂奶，有的给他洗澡，有的抱着他，有的抱在怀里。比丘们，毗婆尸王子出生后，人们日夜为他撑白伞，'不要让寒冷、炎热、草、尘土或露水伤害他。'比丘们，毗婆尸王子出生后，为许多人所喜爱、所欢喜。比丘们，就像青莲花、红莲花或白莲花为许多人所喜爱、所欢喜；同样地，比丘们，毗婆尸王子为许多人所喜爱、所欢喜。人们把他从这个怀抱传到那个怀抱。

38. ‘‘Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca [kumāro brahmassaro mañjussaro ca (sī. ka.)] ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavante pabbate karavīkā nāma sakuṇajāti mañjussarā ca vaggussarā ca madhurassarā ca pemaniyassarā ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca.

39. ‘‘Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pāturahosi yena sudaṃ [yena dūraṃ (syā.)] samantā yojanaṃ passati divā ceva rattiñca.

40. ‘‘Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro animisanto pekkhati seyyathāpi devā tāvatiṃsā. ‘Animisanto kumāro pekkhatī’ti kho, bhikkhave [animisanto pekkhati, jātassa kho pana bhikkhave (ka.)], vipassissa kumārassa ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.

41. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā atthakaraṇe [aṭṭa karaṇe (syā.)] nisinno vipassiṃ kumāraṃ aṅke nisīdāpetvā atthe anusāsati . Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pituaṅke nisinno viceyya viceyya atthe panāyati ñāyena [aṭṭe panāyati ñāṇena (syā.)]. Viceyya viceyya kumāro atthe panāyati ñāyenāti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.

42. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa tayo pāsāde kārāpesi, ekaṃ vassikaṃ ekaṃ hemantikaṃ ekaṃ gimhikaṃ; pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro vassike pāsāde cattāro māse [vassike pāsāde vassike] nippurisehi tūriyehi paricārayamāno na heṭṭhāpāsādaṃ orohatī’’ti.

Paṭhamabhāṇavāro.

Jiṇṇapuriso

43. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi – ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti . Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ [bhadraṃ yānaṃ (syā.), bhaddaṃ yānaṃ (pī.) cattāro māse (sī. pī.)] abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi.

44. ‘‘Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ jiṇṇaṃ gopānasivaṅkaṃ bhoggaṃ [bhaggaṃ (syā.)] daṇḍaparāyanaṃ pavedhamānaṃ gacchantaṃ āturaṃ gatayobbanaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Kesāpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, kāyopissa na yathā aññesa’nti. ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma. Na dāni tena ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi jarādhammo, jaraṃ anatīto’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe jarādhammā, jaraṃ anatītā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā. Itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘dhiratthu kira, bho, jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissatī’ti!



"比丘们，毗婆尸王子出生后，声音悦耳、优美、甜美、动听。比丘们，就像喜马拉雅山上的迦陵频伽鸟，声音悦耳、优美、甜美、动听；同样地，比丘们，毗婆尸王子声音悦耳、优美、甜美、动听。
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子出生后，由业报所生的天眼出现，他能日夜看见周围一由旬的距离。
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子出生后，眼睛不眨地注视，就像三十三天的诸天。比丘们，因为'王子眼睛不眨地注视'，所以毗婆尸王子就有了'毗婆尸、毗婆尸'这个名号。
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王坐在审判席上，让毗婆尸王子坐在膝上，教导他处理案件。比丘们，毗婆尸王子坐在父亲膝上，仔细思考后正确判断案件。比丘们，因为'王子仔细思考后正确判断案件'，所以毗婆尸王子更加被称为'毗婆尸、毗婆尸'。
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王为毗婆尸王子建造了三座宫殿，一座用于雨季，一座用于冬季，一座用于夏季；并为他准备了五种欲乐。比丘们，毗婆尸王子在雨季宫殿中度过四个月，享受无男性的音乐伺候，不下楼离开宫殿。"
第一诵品
老人
"然后，比丘们，许多年、许多百年、许多千年过去后，毗婆尸王子召唤车夫说：'好车夫，请准备好车辆，我们要去花园游玩，观赏美景。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，准备好车辆，然后向毗婆尸王子报告：'殿下，车辆已准备好，请您决定何时出发。'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸王子登上华丽的车辆，乘着华丽的车辆前往花园。
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子在前往花园的路上看见一个老人，弯腰驼背，拄着拐杖，颤颤巍巍地走路，衰老，失去青春。看到后，他问车夫：'好车夫，这个人怎么了？他的头发和身体都不像其他人。''殿下，这就是所谓的老人。''好车夫，什么是老人？''殿下，老人就是寿命不会很长了的人。''好车夫，我也会变老吗？我也无法避免衰老吗？''殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会变老，都无法避免衰老。''那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就从那里返回王宫。比丘们，毗婆尸王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思：'真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老！'

45. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha? Kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ jiṇṇaṃ gopānasivaṅkaṃ bhoggaṃ daṇḍaparāyanaṃ pavedhamānaṃ gacchantaṃ āturaṃ gatayobbanaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato, kesāpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, kāyopissa na yathā aññesa’’nti? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāmā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, jiṇṇo nāmā’’ti? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma na dāni tena ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi jarādhammo, jaraṃ anatīto’’ti? ‘‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe jarādhammā, jaraṃ anatītā’’ti.

‘‘‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissatī’’’ti.

Byādhitapuriso

46. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi –

‘Mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacana’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi – ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacana’nti.

‘‘Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ…pe…

47. ‘‘Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ ābādhikaṃ dukkhitaṃ bāḷhagilānaṃ sake muttakarīse palipannaṃ semānaṃ [sayamānaṃ (syā. ka.)] aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ aññehi saṃvesiyamānaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Akkhīnipissa na yathā aññesaṃ, saropissa [siropissa (syā.)] na yathā aññesa’nti? ‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, byādhito nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāma appeva nāma tamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhaheyyā’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi byādhidhammo, byādhiṃ anatīto’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe byādhidhammā, byādhiṃ anatītā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissatī’ti.



"然后，比丘们，班度玛王召来车夫问道：'好车夫，王子在花园里玩得开心吗？好车夫，王子在花园里高兴吗？''陛下，王子在花园里并不开心，王子在花园里并不高兴。''好车夫，王子在前往花园的路上看到了什么？''陛下，王子在前往花园的路上看见一个老人，弯腰驼背，拄着拐杖，颤颤巍巍地走路，衰老，失去青春。看到后，他问我："好车夫，这个人怎么了？他的头发和身体都不像其他人。"我回答："殿下，这就是所谓的老人。"他又问："好车夫，什么是老人？"我回答："殿下，老人就是寿命不会很长了的人。"他又问："好车夫，我也会变老吗？我也无法避免衰老吗？"我回答："殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会变老，都无法避免衰老。"
'然后他说："那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。"我回答："遵命，殿下。"陛下，我听从毗婆尸王子的指示，从那里返回王宫。陛下，王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思："真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老！"'
病人
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王心想：
'不要让毗婆尸王子不执政，不要让毗婆尸王子出家，不要让占相婆罗门的话成真。'于是，比丘们，班度玛王为毗婆尸王子准备了更多的五种欲乐，'让毗婆尸王子执政，让毗婆尸王子不出家，让占相婆罗门的话不成真。'
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子沉浸在五种欲乐中享受。然后，比丘们，许多年过去后...
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子在前往花园的路上看见一个病人，痛苦、重病，倒在自己的粪尿中，需要别人扶起，需要别人安置。看到后，他问车夫：'好车夫，这个人怎么了？他的眼睛和头都不像其他人。''殿下，这就是所谓的病人。''好车夫，什么是病人？''殿下，病人就是可能从这种病中康复的人。''好车夫，我也会生病吗？我也无法避免疾病吗？''殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会生病，都无法避免疾病。''那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就从那里返回王宫。比丘们，毗婆尸王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思：'真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老，会有疾病！'

48. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ ābādhikaṃ dukkhitaṃ bāḷhagilānaṃ sake muttakarīse palipannaṃ semānaṃ aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ aññehi saṃvesiyamānaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato, akkhīnipissa na yathā aññesaṃ, saropissa na yathā aññesa’’nti? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāmā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, byādhito nāmā’’ti? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāma appeva nāma tamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhaheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi byādhidhammo, byādhiṃ anatīto’’ti? ‘‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe byādhidhammā, byādhiṃ anatītā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘‘‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissatī’’’ti.

Kālaṅkatapuriso

49. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi – ‘mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacana’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi – ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacana’nti.

‘‘Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ…pe…

50. ‘‘Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto mahājanakāyaṃ sannipatitaṃ nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiramānaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘kiṃ nu kho, so, samma sārathi, mahājanakāyo sannipatito nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiratī’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāmā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesesi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro petaṃ kālaṅkataṃ, disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ, samma sārathi, kālaṅkato nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāma. Na dāni taṃ dakkhanti mātā vā pitā vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, sopi na dakkhissati mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi maraṇadhammo maraṇaṃ anatīto; mampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; ahampi na dakkhissāmi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe maraṇadhammā maraṇaṃ anatītā; tampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; tvampi na dakkhissasi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘dhiratthu kira, bho, jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissati, maraṇaṃ paññāyissatī’ti.



"然后，比丘们，班度玛王召来车夫问道：'好车夫，王子在花园里玩得开心吗？好车夫，王子在花园里高兴吗？''陛下，王子在花园里并不开心，王子在花园里并不高兴。''好车夫，王子在前往花园的路上看到了什么？''陛下，王子在前往花园的路上看见一个病人，痛苦、重病，倒在自己的粪尿中，需要别人扶起，需要别人安置。看到后，他问我："好车夫，这个人怎么了？他的眼睛和头都不像其他人。"我回答："殿下，这就是所谓的病人。"他又问："好车夫，什么是病人？"我回答："殿下，病人就是可能从这种病中康复的人。"他又问："好车夫，我也会生病吗？我也无法避免疾病吗？"我回答："殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会生病，都无法避免疾病。"然后他说："那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。"我回答："遵命，殿下。"陛下，我听从毗婆尸王子的指示，从那里返回王宫。陛下，王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思："真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老，会有疾病！"'
死人
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王心想：'不要让毗婆尸王子不执政，不要让毗婆尸王子出家，不要让占相婆罗门的话成真。'于是，比丘们，班度玛王为毗婆尸王子准备了更多的五种欲乐，'让毗婆尸王子执政，让毗婆尸王子不出家，让占相婆罗门的话不成真。'
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子沉浸在五种欲乐中享受。然后，比丘们，许多年过去后...
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子在前往花园的路上看见一大群人聚集，正在为一具尸体裹上各色布料。看到后，他问车夫：'好车夫，为什么有这么多人聚集，正在为一具尸体裹上各色布料？''殿下，这就是所谓的死人。''那么，好车夫，请把车驶向那个死人。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就把车驶向那个死人。比丘们，毗婆尸王子看见那个死人，然后问车夫：'好车夫，什么是死人？''殿下，死人就是从此以后他的母亲、父亲或其他亲戚都不会再见到他，他也不会再见到他的母亲、父亲或其他亲戚的人。''好车夫，我也会死吗？我也无法避免死亡吗？我的父王、母后或其他亲戚也不会再见到我吗？我也不会再见到我的父王、母后或其他亲戚吗？''殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会死，都无法避免死亡。您的父王、母后或其他亲戚也不会再见到您，您也不会再见到您的父王、母后或其他亲戚。''那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就从那里返回王宫。比丘们，毗婆尸王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思：'真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老，会有疾病，会有死亡！'

51. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto mahājanakāyaṃ sannipatitaṃ nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiramānaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, so , samma sārathi, mahājanakāyo sannipatito nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiratī’’ti? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāmā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ devā’’ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesesiṃ. Addasā kho, deva, kumāro petaṃ kālaṅkataṃ, disvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ panāyaṃ, samma sārathi, kālaṅkato nāmā’’ti ? ‘‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāma. Na dāni taṃ dakkhanti mātā vā pitā vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, sopi na dakkhissati mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi maraṇadhammo maraṇaṃ anatīto; mampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; ahampi na dakkhissāmi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’’ti? ‘‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe maraṇadhammā maraṇaṃ anatītā; tampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, tvampi na dakkhissasi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati – ‘‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissati, maraṇaṃ paññāyissatī’’’ti.

Pabbajito

52. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi – ‘mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacana’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi – ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacana’nti.

‘‘Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi – ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi.



"然后，比丘们，班度玛王召来车夫问道：'好车夫，王子在花园里玩得开心吗？好车夫，王子在花园里高兴吗？''陛下，王子在花园里并不开心，王子在花园里并不高兴。''好车夫，王子在前往花园的路上看到了什么？''陛下，王子在前往花园的路上看见一大群人聚集，正在为一具尸体裹上各色布料。看到后，他问我："好车夫，为什么有这么多人聚集，正在为一具尸体裹上各色布料？"我回答："殿下，这就是所谓的死人。"他说："那么，好车夫，请把车驶向那个死人。"我回答："遵命，殿下。"陛下，我听从毗婆尸王子的指示，把车驶向那个死人。陛下，王子看见那个死人，然后问我："好车夫，什么是死人？"我回答："殿下，死人就是从此以后他的母亲、父亲或其他亲戚都不会再见到他，他也不会再见到他的母亲、父亲或其他亲戚的人。"他又问："好车夫，我也会死吗？我也无法避免死亡吗？我的父王、母后或其他亲戚也不会再见到我吗？我也不会再见到我的父王、母后或其他亲戚吗？"我回答："殿下，您和我，我们所有人都会死，都无法避免死亡。您的父王、母后或其他亲戚也不会再见到您，您也不会再见到您的父王、母后或其他亲戚。"然后他说："那么，好车夫，今天就不去花园了。从这里回宫吧。"我回答："遵命，殿下。"陛下，我听从毗婆尸王子的指示，从那里返回王宫。陛下，王子回到王宫后，忧愁、沮丧、深思："真是可悲啊，所谓的出生，因为出生就必然会有衰老，会有疾病，会有死亡！"'
出家者
"然后，比丘们，班度玛王心想：'不要让毗婆尸王子不执政，不要让毗婆尸王子出家，不要让占相婆罗门的话成真。'于是，比丘们，班度玛王为毗婆尸王子准备了更多的五种欲乐，'让毗婆尸王子执政，让毗婆尸王子不出家，让占相婆罗门的话不成真。'
"比丘们，毗婆尸王子沉浸在五种欲乐中享受。然后，比丘们，许多年、许多百年、许多千年过去后，毗婆尸王子召唤车夫说：'好车夫，请准备好车辆，我们要去花园游玩，观赏美景。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，准备好车辆，然后向毗婆尸王子报告：'殿下，车辆已准备好，请您决定何时出发。'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸王子登上华丽的车辆，乘着华丽的车辆前往花园。

53. ‘‘Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ bhaṇḍuṃ pabbajitaṃ kāsāyavasanaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Sīsaṃpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, vatthānipissa na yathā aññesa’nti? ‘Eso kho, deva, pabbajito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, pabbajito nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā [sammacariyā (ka.)] sādhu kusalakiriyā [kusalacariyā (syā.)] sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti. ‘Sādhu kho so, samma sārathi, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā. Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so pabbajito tena rathaṃ pesehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so pabbajito tena rathaṃ pesesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro taṃ pabbajitaṃ etadavoca – ‘tvaṃ pana, samma, kiṃkato, sīsampi te na yathā aññesaṃ, vatthānipi te na yathā aññesa’nti? ‘Ahaṃ kho, deva, pabbajito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, samma, pabbajito nāmā’ti? ‘Ahaṃ kho, deva, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti. ‘Sādhu kho tvaṃ, samma, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti.

Bodhisattapabbajjā

54. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘tena hi, samma sārathi, rathaṃ ādāya itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhi. Ahaṃ pana idheva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā rathaṃ ādāya tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Vipassī pana kumāro tattheva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji.

Mahājanakāyaanupabbajjā

55. ‘‘Assosi kho, bhikkhave, bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahājanakāyo caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni – ‘vipassī kira kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi – ‘na hi nūna so orako dhammavinayo, na sā orakā [orikā (sī. syā.)] pabbajjā, yattha vipassī kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. Vipassīpi nāma kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissati, kimaṅgaṃ [kimaṅga (sī.)] pana maya’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, so bhikkhave, mahājanakāyo [mahājanakāyo (syā.)] caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā vipassiṃ bodhisattaṃ agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitaṃ anupabbajiṃsu. Tāya sudaṃ, bhikkhave, parisāya parivuto vipassī bodhisatto gāmanigamajanapadarājadhānīsu cārikaṃ carati.

56. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘na kho metaṃ [na kho panetaṃ (syā.)] patirūpaṃ yohaṃ ākiṇṇo viharāmi, yaṃnūnāhaṃ eko gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho vihareyya’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto aparena samayena eko gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho vihāsi , aññeneva tāni caturāsīti pabbajitasahassāni agamaṃsu, aññena maggena vipassī bodhisatto.

Bodhisattaabhiniveso



"比丘们，毗婆尸王子在前往花园的路上看见一个剃发的出家人，身穿袈裟。看到后，他问车夫：'好车夫，这个人怎么了？他的头和衣服都不像其他人。''殿下，这就是所谓的出家人。''好车夫，什么是出家人？''殿下，出家人就是善行法、善行平等、善行善业、善行功德、善行不伤害、善行怜悯众生的人。''好车夫，这出家人真好，善行法、善行平等、善行善业、善行功德、善行不伤害、善行怜悯众生。那么，好车夫，请把车驶向那个出家人。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就把车驶向那个出家人。然后，比丘们，毗婆尸王子对那个出家人说：'朋友，你怎么了？你的头和衣服都不像其他人。''殿下，我就是所谓的出家人。''朋友，什么是出家人？''殿下，我这出家人就是善行法、善行平等、善行善业、善行功德、善行不伤害、善行怜悯众生的人。''朋友，你这出家人真好，善行法、善行平等、善行善业、善行功德、善行不伤害、善行怜悯众生。'
菩萨出家
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸王子对车夫说：'好车夫，那么请你驾车回宫。我要在这里剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家。''遵命，殿下。'比丘们，车夫回答毗婆尸王子后，就驾车返回王宫。而毗婆尸王子就在那里剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家。
大众随从出家
"比丘们，班度马提王城（Bandhumatī）的八万四千人听说：'毗婆尸王子已经剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家了。'听到后，他们想：'这肯定不是平凡的法律，这肯定不是平凡的出家，既然毗婆尸王子剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家了。连毗婆尸王子都剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家，何况是我们呢？'
"然后，比丘们，那八万四千人剃除须发，披上袈裟，跟随已经从在家生活出家的毗婆尸菩萨出家。比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨带着这群随从，在村镇、城邑、王城中游行。
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨独处静思时，心中生起这样的想法：'我这样与众人在一起生活是不合适的，我应该独自远离群众生活。'于是，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨后来独自远离群众生活，那八万四千出家人走另一条路，毗婆尸菩萨走另一条路。
菩萨的决心

57. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa vāsūpagatassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno, jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca [jiyyati ca miyyati ca (ka.)] cavati ca upapajjati ca, atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa, kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’ti?

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti, kiṃpaccayā jātī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘bhave kho sati jāti hoti, bhavapaccayā jātī’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati bhavo hoti, kiṃpaccayā bhavo’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘upādāne kho sati bhavo hoti, upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā upādāna’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘taṇhāya kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati taṇhā hoti, kiṃpaccayā taṇhā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘vedanāya kho sati taṇhā hoti, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati vedanā hoti, kiṃpaccayā vedanā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘phasse kho sati vedanā hoti, phassapaccayā vedanā’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati phasso hoti, kiṃpaccayā phasso’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saḷāyatane kho sati phasso hoti, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā saḷāyatana’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā nāmarūpa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā viññāṇa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇa’nti.

58. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘paccudāvattati kho idaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpamhā, nāparaṃ gacchati. Ettāvatā jāyetha vā jiyyetha vā miyyetha vā cavetha vā upapajjetha vā, yadidaṃ nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā , taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’.

59. ‘‘‘Samudayo samudayo’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.



"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨独处静思时，心中生起这样的想法：'这个世界真是苦啊，有生、老、死、离开此世、再生，然而人们却不知道如何从这老死中解脱出来。什么时候才能知道如何从这老死中解脱出来呢？'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时老死存在？以什么为缘有老死？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有生时有老死，以生为缘有老死。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有生？以什么为缘有生？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有有时有生，以有为缘有生。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有有？以什么为缘有有？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有取时有有，以取为缘有有。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有取？以什么为缘有取？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有爱时有取，以爱为缘有取。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有爱？以什么为缘有爱？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有受时有爱，以受为缘有爱。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有受？以什么为缘有受？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有触时有受，以触为缘有受。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有触？以什么为缘有触？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有六入时有触，以六入为缘有触。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有六入？以什么为缘有六入？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有名色时有六入，以名色为缘有六入。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有名色？以什么为缘有名色？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有识时有名色，以识为缘有名色。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么存在时有识？以什么为缘有识？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有名色时有识，以名色为缘有识。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'这识转回到名色，不再前进。就是这样，有生、老、死、离开此世、再生，即是以名色为缘有识，以识为缘有名色，以名色为缘有六入，以六入为缘有触，以触为缘有受，以受为缘有爱，以爱为缘有取，以取为缘有有，以有为缘有生，以生为缘有老死、忧、悲、苦、恼、愁。这就是这整个苦蕴的集起。'
"比丘们，'集起，集起'，对于这些前所未闻的法，毗婆尸菩萨生起了眼、生起了智、生起了慧、生起了明、生起了光。

60. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti, kissa nirodhā jātinirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘bhave kho asati jāti na hoti, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati bhavo na hoti, kissa nirodhā bhavanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘upādāne kho asati bhavo na hoti, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā upādānanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘taṇhāya kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati taṇhā na hoti, kissa nirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘vedanāya kho asati taṇhā na hoti, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati vedanā na hoti, kissa nirodhā vedanānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘phasse kho asati vedanā na hoti, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati phasso na hoti, kissa nirodhā phassanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saḷāyatane kho asati phasso na hoti, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti.

61. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ maggo sambodhāya yadidaṃ – nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti’.

62. ‘‘‘Nirodho nirodho’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.



"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时老死不存在？什么灭时老死灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'生不存在时老死不存在，生灭时老死灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时生不存在？什么灭时生灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'有不存在时生不存在，有灭时生灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时有不存在？什么灭时有灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'取不存在时有不存在，取灭时有灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时取不存在？什么灭时取灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'爱不存在时取不存在，爱灭时取灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时爱不存在？什么灭时爱灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'受不存在时爱不存在，受灭时爱灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时受不存在？什么灭时受灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'触不存在时受不存在，触灭时受灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时触不存在？什么灭时触灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'六入不存在时触不存在，六入灭时触灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时六入不存在？什么灭时六入灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'名色不存在时六入不存在，名色灭时六入灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时名色不存在？什么灭时名色灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'识不存在时名色不存在，识灭时名色灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'什么不存在时识不存在？什么灭时识灭？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨如理作意，以智慧洞见：'名色不存在时识不存在，名色灭时识灭。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨想到：'我已经找到了这条觉悟之道，即是：名色灭则识灭，识灭则名色灭，名色灭则六入灭，六入灭则触灭，触灭则受灭，受灭则爱灭，爱灭则取灭，取灭则有灭，有灭则生灭，生灭则老死、忧、悲、苦、恼、愁灭。这就是这整个苦蕴的灭尽。'
"比丘们，'灭尽，灭尽'，对于这些前所未闻的法，毗婆尸菩萨生起了眼、生起了智、生起了慧、生起了明、生起了光。

63. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto aparena samayena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī vihāsi – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti, tassa pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato na cirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccī’’ti.

Dutiyabhāṇavāro.

Brahmayācanakathā

64. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi – ‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’ti.

65. ‘‘Apissu, bhikkhave, vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –

‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’ti.

‘‘Itiha , bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ nami, no dhammadesanāya.

66. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññatarassa mahābrahmuno vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – ‘nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko, yatra hi nāma vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati [nami (syā. ka.), namissati (?)], no dhammadesanāyā’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva brahmaloke antarahito vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇaṃ jāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā [nidahanto (syā.)] yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ, santi [santī (syā.)] sattā apparajakkhajātikā; assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti.

67. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte [atha kho (ka.)], bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘mayhampi kho, brahme, etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’’nti. Tassa mayhaṃ, brahme, etadahosi – ‘‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’’ti. Apissu maṃ, brahme , imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –

‘‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

‘‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’’ti.

‘Itiha me, brahme, paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ nami, no dhammadesanāyā’ti.



"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸菩萨后来观察五取蕴的生灭：'这是色，这是色的生起，这是色的消失；这是受，这是受的生起，这是受的消失；这是想，这是想的生起，这是想的消失；这是行，这是行的生起，这是行的消失；这是识，这是识的生起，这是识的消失。'他这样观察五取蕴的生灭，不久之后，他的心就从诸漏中解脱，不再执取。"
第二诵品完。
梵天请法的故事
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者想到：'我是否应该说法呢？'然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者又想：'我所证悟的这法深奥、难见、难悟，寂静、微妙、超越寻思、深细、智者所能体验。但是这些众生乐著于执取，喜欢执取，欢喜执取。对于乐著于执取、喜欢执取、欢喜执取的众生来说，这个道理是难见的，即是此缘性、缘起。这个道理也是难见的，即是一切行的止息，一切依的舍离，爱尽、离欲、灭、涅槃。如果我说法而他人不理解，那只会让我疲劳，只会让我烦恼。'
"比丘们，这时毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者想起了这些前所未闻的偈颂：
'我所证得甚艰难，何须现在为人说，
为贪嗔所缠之人，难悟此法甚深妙。
逆流而上细微深，难见难知极精妙，
贪爱之人不能见，为无明暗所笼罩。'
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者这样思考后，心倾向于安逸，不倾向于说法。
"然后，比丘们，有一位大梵天知道了毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的心念，就想：'唉，世界要灭亡了，世界要毁灭了，因为毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的心倾向于安逸，不倾向于说法。'比丘们，那位大梵天就像壮士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样快速，在梵界消失，出现在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者面前。比丘们，那位大梵天整理上衣覆盖一肩，右膝着地，向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者合掌，对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'世尊，请说法；善逝，请说法。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。'
"比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对那位大梵天这样说：'梵天，我也曾想过："我是否应该说法？"梵天，我又想："我所证悟的这法深奥、难见、难悟，寂静、微妙、超越寻思、深细、智者所能体验。但是这些众生乐著于执取，喜欢执取，欢喜执取。对于乐著于执取、喜欢执取、欢喜执取的众生来说，这个道理是难见的，即是此缘性、缘起。这个道理也是难见的，即是一切行的止息，一切依的舍离，爱尽、离欲、灭、涅槃。如果我说法而他人不理解，那只会让我疲劳，只会让我烦恼。"梵天，我还想起了这些前所未闻的偈颂：
"我所证得甚艰难，何须现在为人说，
为贪嗔所缠之人，难悟此法甚深妙。
逆流而上细微深，难见难知极精妙，
贪爱之人不能见，为无明暗所笼罩。"
'梵天，我这样思考后，心倾向于安逸，不倾向于说法。'"

68. ‘‘Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā…pe… tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ, santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti.

69. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye [duviññāpaye bhabbe abhabbe (syā.)] appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine [dassāvino (sī. syā. kaṃ. ka.)] viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine [dassāvino (sī. syā. kaṃ. ka.)] viharante. Seyyathāpi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni anto nimuggaposīni. Appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni. Appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma ṭhitāni anupalittāni udakena. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante.

70. ‘‘Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –

‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito, yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato;

Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha, pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu.

‘Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ [sokāvakiṇṇaṃ (syā.)] janatamapetasoko,

Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ;

Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma,

Satthavāha aṇaṇa vicara loke.

Desassu [desetu (syā. pī.)] bhagavā dhammaṃ,

Aññātāro bhavissantī’ti.

71. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā,

Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ;

Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ,

Dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’ti.

‘‘Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ‘katāvakāso khomhi vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammadesanāyā’ti vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi.

Aggasāvakayugaṃ

72. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi – ‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasanti paṇḍitā viyattā medhāvino dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātikā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ khaṇḍassa ca rājaputtassa, tissassa ca purohitaputtassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ , te imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissantī’ti.



"比丘们，那位大梵天第二次...第三次对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'世尊，请说法；善逝，请说法。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者知道了梵天的请求，出于对众生的悲悯，以佛眼观察世间。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者以佛眼观察世间时，看到有些众生尘垢较少，有些尘垢较多；有些根器锐利，有些根器钝拙；有些善相，有些恶相；有些易度化，有些难度化；有些能见后世过患的恐怖，有些不能见后世过患的恐怖。就像在青莲池、红莲池或白莲池中，有些莲花生长在水中，长在水中，不出水面，沉在水下；有些莲花生长在水中，长在水中，与水面齐平；有些莲花生长在水中，长在水中，出离水面，不为水所染。同样地，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者以佛眼观察世间时，看到有些众生尘垢较少，有些尘垢较多；有些根器锐利，有些根器钝拙；有些善相，有些恶相；有些易度化，有些难度化；有些能见后世过患的恐怖，有些不能见后世过患的恐怖。
"然后，比丘们，那位大梵天知道了毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的心念，就用偈颂对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：
'如立山顶观四方，智者法台高耸立，
无忧者请观众生，沉溺忧愁生死海。
英雄请起胜战场，无债导师游行世，
世尊请为说妙法，定有众生能领悟。'
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用偈颂回答那位大梵天：
'为彼开启不死门，有耳之人生信仰，
为避扰乱不说法，梵天人间妙法兴。'
"然后，比丘们，那位大梵天想：'我已经得到毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说法的允许了。'他向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者礼拜，右绕后就在那里消失了。
最上首弟子对
"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者想：'我应该首先向谁说法呢？谁能很快理解这法呢？'比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者又想：'这位王子坎达和祭司之子提沙住在班度马提王城，他们聪明、有智慧、有才能，长期以来尘垢较少。我应该首先向王子坎达和祭司之子提沙说法，他们能很快理解这法。'

73. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva bodhirukkhamūle antarahito bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā kheme migadāye pāturahosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dāyapālaṃ [migadāyapālaṃ (syā.)] āmantesi – ‘ehi tvaṃ, samma dāyapāla, bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ pavisitvā khaṇḍañca rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtaṃ evaṃ vadehi – vipassī, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati, so tumhākaṃ dassanakāmo’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, dāyapālo vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ pavisitvā khaṇḍañca rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘vipassī, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati; so tumhākaṃ dassanakāmo’ti.

74. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā niyyiṃsu. Yena khemo migadāyo tena pāyiṃsu. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikāva [padikāva (syā.)] yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

75. ‘‘Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ [ānupubbikathaṃ (sī. pī.)] kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva khaṇḍassa ca rājaputtassa tissassa ca purohitaputtassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’nti.

76. ‘‘Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’’ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyāma upasampada’nti.

77. ‘‘Alatthuṃ kho , bhikkhave, khaṇḍo ca rājaputto, tisso ca purohitaputto vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne [nekkhamme (syā.)] ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Mahājanakāyapabbajjā



"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者就像壮士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样快速，在菩提树下消失，出现在班度马提王城的凯玛鹿野苑中。比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对守园人说：'来吧，朋友守园人，你进入班度马提王城，对王子坎达和祭司之子提沙这样说："尊者们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者已来到班度马提王城，住在凯玛鹿野苑中，他想见你们。"''遵命，尊者。'比丘们，守园人回答毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者后，进入班度马提王城，对王子坎达和祭司之子提沙说：'尊者们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者已来到班度马提王城，住在凯玛鹿野苑中，他想见你们。'
"然后，比丘们，王子坎达和祭司之子提沙准备好华丽的车辆，登上华丽的车辆，乘着华丽的车辆从班度马提王城出发。他们朝着凯玛鹿野苑前进。车辆能行驶的地方就乘车行驶，不能行驶的地方就下车步行，走向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。走近后，向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者礼拜，然后坐在一旁。
"毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者为他们循序渐进地说法，即是说布施的话、持戒的话、生天的话，说明欲望的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明出离的功德。当世尊知道他们的心已经准备好、柔软、没有障碍、愉悦、明净时，就开示诸佛特有的法义：苦、集、灭、道。就像干净的布料很容易染上颜色，同样地，王子坎达和祭司之子提沙就在那个座位上生起了远尘离垢的法眼：'凡是有生起的性质的，都是有灭尽的性质。'
"他们见法、得法、知法、深入法，超越疑惑，去除犹豫，在老师的教导中得到自信，不依赖他人，对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'太殊胜了，尊者，太殊胜了，尊者。就像有人扶起倒下的东西，揭开遮蔽的东西，为迷路者指明道路，在黑暗中举起油灯，让有眼之人能看见色法。同样地，世尊以种种方便说法。尊者，我们皈依世尊，皈依法。尊者，愿我们能在世尊座下出家，能够受具足戒。'
"比丘们，王子坎达和祭司之子提沙在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者座下得到了出家，得到了具足戒。毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们；说明诸行的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明涅槃的功德。当毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们时，他们不久之后，心就从诸漏中解脱，不再执取。
大众出家

78. ‘‘Assosi kho, bhikkhave, bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahājanakāyo caturāsītipāṇasahassāni – ‘vipassī kira bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati. Khaṇḍo ca kira rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā’ti. Sutvāna nesaṃ etadahosi – ‘na hi nūna so orako dhammavinayo, na sā orakā pabbajjā, yattha khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā. Khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissanti, kimaṅgaṃ pana maya’nti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahājanakāyo caturāsītipāṇasahassāni bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā nikkhamitvā yena khemo migadāyo yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

79. ‘‘Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte , atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva tesaṃ caturāsītipāṇasahassānaṃ tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’nti.

80. ‘‘Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’’ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca [( ) natthi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ, pāḷiyaṃ pana sabbatthapi dissati]. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ labheyyāma upasampada’’nti.

81. ‘‘Alatthuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipāṇasahassāni vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ, alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Purimapabbajitānaṃ dhammābhisamayo

82. ‘‘Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni purimāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni – ‘vipassī kira bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati, dhammañca kira desetī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni yena bandhumatī rājadhānī yena khemo migadāyo yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.



"比丘们，班度马提王城的八万四千人听说：'据说毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者已来到班度马提王城，住在凯玛鹿野苑中。据说王子坎达和祭司之子提沙在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者座下剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家了。'听到后，他们想：'这肯定不是平凡的法律，这肯定不是平凡的出家，既然王子坎达和祭司之子提沙剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家了。连王子坎达和祭司之子提沙都剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家，何况是我们呢？'然后，比丘们，那八万四千人从班度马提王城出发，前往凯玛鹿野苑，走向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。走近后，向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者礼拜，然后坐在一旁。
"毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者为他们循序渐进地说法，即是说布施的话、持戒的话、生天的话，说明欲望的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明出离的功德。当世尊知道他们的心已经准备好、柔软、没有障碍、愉悦、明净时，就开示诸佛特有的法义：苦、集、灭、道。就像干净的布料很容易染上颜色，同样地，那八万四千人就在那个座位上生起了远尘离垢的法眼：'凡是有生起的性质的，都是有灭尽的性质。'
"他们见法、得法、知法、深入法，超越疑惑，去除犹豫，在老师的教导中得到自信，不依赖他人，对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'太殊胜了，尊者，太殊胜了，尊者。就像有人扶起倒下的东西，揭开遮蔽的东西，为迷路者指明道路，在黑暗中举起油灯，让有眼之人能看见色法。同样地，世尊以种种方便说法。尊者，我们皈依世尊，皈依法，皈依比丘僧团。尊者，愿我们能在世尊座下出家，能够受具足戒。'
"比丘们，那八万四千人在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者座下得到了出家，得到了具足戒。毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们；说明诸行的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明涅槃的功德。当毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们时，他们不久之后，心就从诸漏中解脱，不再执取。
先前出家者的证悟
"比丘们，那先前的八万四千出家人听说：'据说毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者已来到班度马提王城，住在凯玛鹿野苑中，据说正在说法。'然后，比丘们，那八万四千出家人前往班度马提王城的凯玛鹿野苑，走向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。走近后，向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者礼拜，然后坐在一旁。

83. ‘‘Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva tesaṃ caturāsītipabbajitasahassānaṃ tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’nti.

84. ‘‘Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘abhikkantaṃ , bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’’ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ labheyyāma upasampada’’nti.

85. ‘‘Alatthuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Cārikāanujānanaṃ

86. ‘‘Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahābhikkhusaṅgho paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘mahā kho etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhū anujāneyyaṃ – ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave , dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’’’ti.



"毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者为他们循序渐进地说法，即是说布施的话、持戒的话、生天的话，说明欲望的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明出离的功德。当世尊知道他们的心已经准备好、柔软、没有障碍、愉悦、明净时，就开示诸佛特有的法义：苦、集、灭、道。就像干净的布料很容易染上颜色，同样地，那八万四千出家人就在那个座位上生起了远尘离垢的法眼：'凡是有生起的性质的，都是有灭尽的性质。'
"他们见法、得法、知法、深入法，超越疑惑，去除犹豫，在老师的教导中得到自信，不依赖他人，对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'太殊胜了，尊者，太殊胜了，尊者。就像有人扶起倒下的东西，揭开遮蔽的东西，为迷路者指明道路，在黑暗中举起油灯，让有眼之人能看见色法。同样地，世尊以种种方便说法。尊者，我们皈依世尊，皈依法，皈依比丘僧团。尊者，愿我们能在世尊座下出家，能够受具足戒。'
"比丘们，那八万四千出家人在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者座下得到了出家，得到了具足戒。毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们；说明诸行的过患、卑劣、污秽，说明涅槃的功德。当毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者用法语开示、教导、鼓励、鼓舞他们时，他们不久之后，心就从诸漏中解脱，不再执取。
允许游行
"比丘们，那时在班度马提王城住着一个大比丘僧团，有六百八十万比丘。比丘们，当毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者独处静思时，心中生起这样的想法：'现在在班度马提王城住着一个大比丘僧团，有六百八十万比丘，我应该允许比丘们：比丘们，你们去游行吧，为了众多人的利益，为了众多人的安乐，出于对世间的悲悯，为了天神和人类的利益、福祉和快乐。不要两个人一起走；比丘们，请宣说初善、中善、后善，有义有文的法，宣扬完全圆满清净的梵行。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。但是每六年后，应当回到班度马提王城诵戒。'"

87. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro mahābrahmā vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya. Evameva brahmaloke antarahito vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Mahā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, anujānātu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhū – ‘‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’’ti [aññātāro (ssabbattha)]. Api ca, bhante, mayaṃ tathā karissāma yathā bhikkhū channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamissanti pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā, idaṃ vatvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi.



"然后，比丘们，有一位大梵天知道了毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的心念，就像壮士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样快速，在梵界消失，出现在毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者面前。比丘们，那位大梵天整理上衣覆盖一肩，向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者合掌，对毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'确实如此，世尊，确实如此，善逝。尊者，现在在班度马提王城住着一个大比丘僧团，有六百八十万比丘，请世尊允许比丘们："比丘们，你们去游化吧，为了众多人的利益，为了众多人的安乐，出于对世间的悲悯，为了天神和人类的利益、福祉和快乐。不要两个人一起走；比丘们，请宣说初善、中善、后善，有义有文的法，宣扬完全圆满清净的梵行。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。"尊者，我们也会这样做，使比丘们每六年后回到班度马提王城诵戒。'比丘们，那位大梵天说了这些话，说完后向毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者礼拜，右绕后就在那里消失了。

88. ‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘idha mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – mahā kho etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ . Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhū anujāneyyaṃ – ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca, channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyāti.

‘‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro mahābrahmā mama cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yenāhaṃ tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Mahā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Anujānātu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhū – ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ…pe… santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā , assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti. Api ca, bhante, mayaṃ tathā karissāma, yathā bhikkhū channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamissanti pātimokkhuddesāyā’’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi’.

‘‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caratha cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca, bhikkhave, channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhū yebhuyyena ekāheneva janapadacārikaṃ pakkamiṃsu.

89. ‘‘Tena kho pana samayena jambudīpe caturāsīti āvāsasahassāni honti. Ekamhi hi vasse nikkhante devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘nikkhantaṃ kho, mārisā, ekaṃ vassaṃ; pañca dāni vassāni sesāni ; pañcannaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Dvīsu vassesu nikkhantesu… tīsu vassesu nikkhantesu… catūsu vassesu nikkhantesu… pañcasu vassesu nikkhantesu devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘nikkhantāni kho , mārisā, pañcavassāni; ekaṃ dāni vassaṃ sesaṃ; ekassa vassassa accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Chasu vassesu nikkhantesu devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘nikkhantāni kho, mārisā, chabbassāni, samayo dāni bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamituṃ pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Atha kho te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū appekacce sakena iddhānubhāvena appekacce devatānaṃ iddhānubhāvena ekāheneva bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu pātimokkhuddesāyāti [pātimokkhuddesāya (?)].



"然后，比丘们，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在傍晚从独处中出来，对比丘们说：'比丘们，当我独处静思时，心中生起这样的想法：现在在班度马提王城住着一个大比丘僧团，有六百八十万比丘。我应该允许比丘们：比丘们，你们去游行吧，为了众多人的利益，为了众多人的安乐，出于对世间的悲悯，为了天神和人类的利益、福祉和快乐。不要两个人一起走；比丘们，请宣说初善、中善、后善，有义有文的法，宣扬完全圆满清净的梵行。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。但是每六年后，应当回到班度马提王城诵戒。
'然后，比丘们，有一位大梵天知道了我的心念，就像壮士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样快速，在梵界消失，出现在我面前。比丘们，那位大梵天整理上衣覆盖一肩，向我合掌，对我说："确实如此，世尊，确实如此，善逝。尊者，现在在班度马提王城住着一个大比丘僧团，有六百八十万比丘，请世尊允许比丘们：'比丘们，你们去游化吧，为了众多人的利益，为了众多人的安乐，出于对世间的悲悯，为了天神和人类的利益、福祉和快乐。不要两个人一起走；比丘们，请宣说法...有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。'尊者，我们也会这样做，使比丘们每六年后回到班度马提王城诵戒。"比丘们，那位大梵天说了这些话，说完后向我礼拜，右绕后就在那里消失了。'
'比丘们，我允许你们去游行，为了众多人的利益，为了众多人的安乐，出于对世间的悲悯，为了天神和人类的利益、福祉和快乐。不要两个人一起走；比丘们，请宣说初善、中善、后善，有义有文的法，宣扬完全圆满清净的梵行。有些众生尘垢较少，若不闻法则会退失，他们将能知晓法义。但是每六年后，应当回到班度马提王城诵戒。'然后，比丘们，大多数比丘在一天之内就出发去各地游行。
"那时，阎浮提有八万四千个住处。过了一年后，天神们宣告说：'贤者们，一年已过，还剩五年；五年后应当回到班度马提王城诵戒。'过了两年后...三年后...四年后...五年后，天神们宣告说：'贤者们，五年已过，还剩一年；一年后应当回到班度马提王城诵戒。'过了六年后，天神们宣告说：'贤者们，六年已过，现在是时候回到班度马提王城诵戒了。'然后，比丘们，那些比丘有些靠自己的神通力，有些靠天神的神通力，在一天之内就回到班度马提王城诵戒。"

90. ‘‘Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhikkhusaṅghe evaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisati –

‘Khantī paramaṃ tapo titikkhā,

Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ vadanti buddhā;

Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī,

Na samaṇo [samaṇo (sī. syā. pī.)] hoti paraṃ viheṭhayanto.

‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;

Sacittapariyodapanaṃ, etaṃ buddhānasāsanaṃ.

‘Anūpavādo anūpaghāto [anupavādo anupaghāto (pī. ka.)], pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro;

Mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṃ, pantañca sayanāsanaṃ;

Adhicitte ca āyogo, etaṃ buddhānasāsana’nti.

Devatārocanaṃ



"比丘们，那时毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在比丘僧团中这样诵戒：
'忍辱为最高苦行，
诸佛说涅槃最上；
出家不害他人者，
沙门不恼他人者。
诸恶莫作，众善奉行，
自净其意，是诸佛教。
不诽谤不伤害，严持戒律，
饮食知节量，居处僻静，
专注修禅定，是为诸佛教。'
天神的宣告


91. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhikkhave, samayaṃ ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ viharāmi subhagavane sālarājamūle. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘na kho so sattāvāso sulabharūpo, yo mayā anāvutthapubbo [anajjhāvuṭṭhapubbo (ka. sī. ka.)] iminā dīghena addhunā aññatra suddhāvāsehi devehi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena suddhāvāsā devā tenupasaṅkameyya’nti. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ subhagavane sālarājamūle antarahito avihesu devesu pāturahosiṃ . Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni [anekāni devatāsatāni anekāni devatāsahassāni (syā.)] yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ito so, mārisā, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi . Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, mārisa, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā , bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, vipassimhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti …pe…

‘‘Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni [anekāni devatāsatāni anekāni devatāsahassāni (syā. evamuparipi)] yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe bhagavā etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, khattiyo jātiyā khattiyakule uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, gotamo gottena. Bhagavato, mārisā, appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo. Bhagavā, mārisā, assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho. Bhagavato, mārisā, sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ . Bhagavato, mārisā, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Bhagavato, mārisā, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Bhagavato, mārisā, ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Bhagavato, mārisā, suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.



"比丘们，有一次我住在郁伽陀的善吉祥林中的娑罗树王下。当我独处静思时，心中生起这样的想法：'在这漫长的时间里，我还没有居住过的众生界不容易找到，除了净居天。我应该去拜访净居天。'比丘们，我就像壮士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样快速，在郁伽陀的善吉祥林中的娑罗树王下消失，出现在无烦天中。
比丘们，在那个天众中，成千上万的天神来到我这里。他们来到后，向我礼拜，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的那些天神对我说：'贤者，在九十一劫前，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现在世间。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利，出生在刹帝利家族。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓憍陈如。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命是八万岁。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在波吒利树下证悟。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对最上首的弟子，名叫坎达和提沙。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有六百八十万比丘。一次弟子集会有十万比丘。一次弟子集会有八万比丘。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会都是由漏尽者组成。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫阿输迦的侍者，是最上首的侍者。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫槃头摩的国王。母亲是名叫槃头摩蒂的王后。槃头摩国王的王城名叫槃头摩蒂。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者是这样出家的，这样修行的，这样证悟的，这样转法轮的。贤者，我们在毗婆尸世尊座下修梵行，断除了对欲乐的贪欲，因此投生到这里。'...
比丘们，在那个天众中，又有成千上万的天神来到我这里。他们来到后，向我礼拜，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的那些天神对我说：'贤者，就在这个贤劫中，世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者现在出现在世间。贤者，世尊生为刹帝利，出生在刹帝利家族。贤者，世尊姓乔达摩。贤者，世尊的寿命很短暂，很快就过去，长寿者也只能活一百岁左右。贤者，世尊在菩提树下证悟。贤者，世尊有一对最上首的弟子，名叫舍利弗和目犍连。贤者，世尊有一次弟子集会，有一千二百五十位比丘。贤者，世尊的这次弟子集会都是由漏尽者组成。贤者，世尊有一位名叫阿难的侍者，是最上首的侍者。贤者，世尊的父亲是名叫净饭的国王。母亲是名叫摩耶的王后。王城名叫迦毗罗卫。贤者，世尊是这样出家的，这样修行的，这样证悟的，这样转法轮的。贤者，我们在世尊座下修梵行，断除了对欲乐的贪欲，因此投生到这里。'"

92. ‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi devehi saddhiṃ yena atappā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ…pe… atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena sudassā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi sudassehi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena sudassī devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi sudassehi ca devehi sudassīhi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena akaniṭṭhā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu .

‘‘Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ito so, mārisā, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi. Khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi, evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, vipassimhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti. Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ito so, mārisā, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ sikhī bhagavā…pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, sikhimhi bhagavati tasmiññeva kho mārisā, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ vessabhū bhagavā…pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, vessabhumhi bhagavati…pe… imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe kakusandho koṇāgamano kassapo bhagavā…pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, kakusandhamhi koṇāgamanamhi kassapamhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.



"然后，比丘们，我和无烦天的天神一起去拜访无热天...然后，比丘们，我和无烦天、无热天的天神一起去拜访善见天。然后，比丘们，我和无烦天、无热天、善见天的天神一起去拜访善现天。然后，比丘们，我和无烦天、无热天、善见天、善现天的天神一起去拜访色究竟天。比丘们，在那个天众中，成千上万的天神来到我这里。他们来到后，向我礼拜，然后站在一旁。
站在一旁的那些天神对我说：'贤者，在九十一劫前，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者出现在世间。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者生为刹帝利，出生在刹帝利家族。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者姓憍陈如。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的寿命是八万岁。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在波吒利树下证悟。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对最上首的弟子，名叫坎达和提沙。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有三次弟子集会。一次弟子集会有六百八十万比丘。一次弟子集会有十万比丘。一次弟子集会有八万比丘。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的这三次弟子集会都是由漏尽者组成。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一位名叫阿输迦的侍者，是最上首的侍者。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的父亲是名叫槃头摩的国王。母亲是名叫槃头摩蒂的王后。槃头摩国王的王城名叫槃头摩蒂。贤者，毗婆尸世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者是这样出家的，这样修行的，这样证悟的，这样转法轮的。贤者，我们在毗婆尸世尊座下修梵行，断除了对欲乐的贪欲，因此投生到这里。'比丘们，在那个天众中，又有成千上万的天神来到我这里。他们来到后，向我礼拜，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的那些天神对我说：'贤者，在三十一劫前，尸弃世尊...贤者，我们在尸弃世尊座下...贤者，就在那三十一劫中，毗舍浮世尊...贤者，我们在毗舍浮世尊座下...贤者，就在这个贤劫中，拘留孙世尊、拘那含牟尼世尊、迦叶世尊...贤者，我们在拘留孙世尊、拘那含牟尼世尊、迦叶世尊座下修梵行，断除了对欲乐的贪欲，因此投生到这里。'"

93. ‘‘Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe bhagavā etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, khattiyo jātiyā, khattiyakule uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, gotamo gottena. Bhagavato, mārisā, appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo. Bhagavā, mārisā, assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho. Bhagavato, mārisā, sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Bhagavato , mārisā, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Bhagavato, mārisā, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Bhagavato, mārisā, ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko aggupaṭṭhāko ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi, evaṃ pabbajjā, evaṃ padhānaṃ, evaṃ abhisambodhi, evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.



"比丘们，在那个天众中，成千上万的天神来到我这里。他们来到后，向我礼拜，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的那些天神对我说：'贤者，就在这个贤劫中，世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者现在出现在世间。贤者，世尊生为刹帝利，出生在刹帝利家族。贤者，世尊姓乔达摩。贤者，世尊的寿命很短暂，很快就过去，长寿者也只能活一百岁左右。贤者，世尊在菩提树下证悟。贤者，世尊有一对最上首的弟子，名叫舍利弗和目犍连。贤者，世尊有一次弟子集会，有一千二百五十位比丘。贤者，世尊的这次弟子集会都是由漏尽者组成。贤者，世尊有一位名叫阿难的侍者，是最上首的侍者。贤者，世尊的父亲是名叫净饭的国王。母亲是名叫摩耶的王后。王城名叫迦毗罗卫。贤者，世尊是这样出家的，这样修行的，这样证悟的，这样转法轮的。贤者，我们在世尊座下修梵行，断除了对欲乐的贪欲，因此投生到这里。'"

94. ‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatassevesā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipi. ‘Evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipīti.

‘‘Devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipi. ‘Evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

Mahāpadānasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.

"因此，比丘们，如来已经完全通达了这个法界，由于完全通达这个法界，如来能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的诸佛的出身，也能忆念他们的名字、姓氏、寿命、最上首的弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是这样的出身'，'那些世尊是这样的名字、这样的姓氏、这样的戒行、这样的法、这样的智慧、这样的安住、这样的解脱'。
诸天神也向如来报告了这件事，因此如来能忆念过去已入涅槃、断除戏论、断除轮回、终止轮回、超越一切苦的诸佛的出身，也能忆念他们的名字、姓氏、寿命、最上首的弟子对、弟子集会，'那些世尊是这样的出身'，'那些世尊是这样的名字、这样的姓氏、这样的戒行、这样的法、这样的智慧、这样的安住、这样的解脱'。"
世尊说了这些。那些比丘对世尊所说的话感到欢喜，满怀喜悦。
大本经终。

